Honey bee species and subspecies

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The following table represents native honey bee species and subspecies of Ethiopia and Indonesia. While in Ethiopia, five** subspecies of A. mellifera, non-Apis species and the introduced A. florea are known, in Indonesia three subspecies of A. cerana, two of A. dorsata, the introduced A. mellifera, 5 other Apis species and non-Apis species are native.

Table: Apis species and non-Apis species used for bee products in Ethiopia and Indonesia are shown. + stands for species, occuring in the particular country, *+ describes introduced species. ** Old taxonomic coding; The literature is not consistent in defining A. m. bandasii as an own subspecies: part of the scientific literature claims that A. m. bandasii belongs to A. m. jemenitica. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Apis mellifera Apis cerana Apis dorsata Other Apis species Non-Apis species
A. m. simensis A. m. bandasii** A. m. monticola A. m. jemenitica A. m. scutellata  A. m. woyi-gambella** A. mellifera sp. A. c. himalayana A. c. indica A. c. nuluensis A. d. binghami A. d. dorsata A. florea A. andreniformis A. koschevnikovi A. nigrocincta A. nuluensis Trigona spp.
Ethiopia + [6] [7] + [5] [4] [8] [9] + [5] [4] [9] [10] + [5] [4] [8] [9] [10] + [5] [4] [8] [9] [10] + [4] [9] *+ [10] [11] + [12] [13]
Indonesia *+ [14] + [10] [15] [16] + [10] [15] [16] + [10] [15] [16] + [10] [16] [17] + [18] + [10] [16] [17] + [10] [17] + [10] [16] [17] + [10] [17] + [10] [16] [19] + [10] + [20]


References

  1. ↑ Al-Ghamdi, A. A., Nuru, A., Khanbash, M. S., & Smith, D. R. (2013). Geographical distribution and population variation of Apis mellifera jemenitica Ruttner. Journal of Apicultural Research, 52(3), 124-133.
  2. ↑ Amssalu, B., Nuru, A., Radloff, S. E., & Hepburn, H. R. (2004). Multivariate morphometric analysis of honeybees (Apis mellifera) in the Ethiopian region. Apidologie 35, 71–81.
  3. ↑ Engel, M. S. (1999). Taxonomy of Recent and Fossil Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae; Apis). J. Hym. Res., 8(2), 165-196.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Nuru, A., Amssalu, B., Hepburn, H. R., & Radloff, S. E. (2002). Swarming and migration in the honey bees (Apis mellifera) of Ethiopia. Journal of Apicultural Research, 41(1–2), 35–41.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Pirk, C. W. W., Strauss, U., Yusuf, A. A., Démares, F., & Human, H. (2015). Honeybee health in Africa—a review. Apidologie, 47(3), 276–300.
  6. ↑ Meixner, M.D.; Leta, M.A.; Koeniger, N.; Fuchs, S. The Honey Bees of Ethiopia Represent a New Subspecies of Apis Mellifera-Apis Mellifera Simensis n. Ssp. Apidologie 2011, 42, 425–437.
  7. ↑ Hailu, T.G.; D’Alvise, P.; Hasselmann, M. Disentangling Ethiopian Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Populations Based on Standard Morphometric and Genetic Analyses. Insects 2021, 12, 193. https:// doi.org/10.3390/insects12030193
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Radloff, S. E., & Hepburn, H. R. (1997). Multivariate analysis of honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae), of the Horn of Africa. African Entomology, 5, 57–64.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Tesfu, F. & Abebe, H. (2016). Current Trends of Honey Bee Genetic Resources in Ethiopia – A Review. International Journal of Current Research, 8(5), 31737-31739.
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 Gupta, R. K., Reybroeck, W., van Veen, J. W., & Gupta, A. (2014). Beekeeping for Poverty Alleviation and Livelihood Security: Vol. 1: Technological Aspects of Beekeeping. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands.
  11. ↑ Bezabih, G., Adgaba, N., Hepburn, H. R., & Pirk, C. W. W. (2014). The Territorial Invasion of Apis florea in Africa. African Entomology, 22(4), 888–890.
  12. ↑ Fichtl, R., & Adi, A. (1994). Honeybee Flora of Ethiopia. Margraf Verlag, Germany.
  13. ↑ Pauly, A., & Hora, Z. A. (2013). Apini and Meliponini from Ethiopia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae: Apinae). Belg. J. Entomol, 16, 1–36.
  14. ↑ Anderson, D. L. (1994). Non-reproduction of Varroa jacobsoni in Apis mellifera colonies in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. Apidologie, 25(4), 412–421.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Theisen-Jones, H., & Bienefeld, K. (2016). The Asian Honey Bee (Apis cerana) is Significantly in Decline. Bee World, 93(4), 90–97.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 Roubik, D. W. (2005). Honeybees in Borneo. In D. W. Roubik, S. Sakai, & A. A. Hamid Karim (Hrsg.), Pollination Ecology and the Rain Forest (Bd. 174, 89–103). New York: Springer-Verlag.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 Hadisoesilo, S., Raffiudin, R., Susanti, W., Atmowidi, T., Hepburn, C., Radloff, S. E., … Hepburn, H. R. (2008). Morphometric analysis and biogeography of Apis koschevnikovi Enderlein (1906). Apidologie, 39(5), 495–503.
  18. ↑ Hadisoesilo, S. (2001). Diversity in traditional techniques for enticing Apis dorsata colonies in Indonesia. In: Proceedings of the 37th international congress. Apimondia, Durban.
  19. ↑ Tanaka, H., Roubik, D. W., Kato, M., Liew, F., & Gunsalam, G. (2001). Phylogenetic position of Apis nuluensis of northern Borneo and phylogeography of A. cerana as inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Insectes Sociaux, 48(1), 44–51.
  20. ↑ Roubik, D. W. (2005). Honey bees in Borneo. In D. W. Roubik, S. Sakai, & A. A. Hamid Karim (Hrsg.), Pollination ecology and the rain forest (Bd. 174, 89–103). New York, NY: Springer
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