KristinaG: Created page with "'''''Nosema spp.''''' (Dissociodihaplophasida; Nosematidae) is known to be a parasitic microsporidian and the causative agent of '''nosemosis'''. Morse..."

2021-02-23T10:17:26Z

Created page with "'''''Nosema spp.''''' (Dissociodihaplophasida; Nosematidae) is known to be a parasitic microsporidian and the causative agent of '''nosemosis'''. <ref name="Morse 1997">Morse..."

SaraPlate592: Created page with "Hello, I'm Sara, a 20 year old from Baarn, Netherlands.
My hobbies include (but are not limited to) Fencing, Sewing and watching Supernatural.

Check out my site [htt..."

2019-06-08T17:55:38Z

Created page with "Hello, I'm Sara, a 20 year old from Baarn, Netherlands. My hobbies include (but are not limited to) Fencing, Sewing and watching Supernatural. Check out my site [htt..."

New page

Hello, I'm Sara, a 20 year old from Baarn, Netherlands. My hobbies include (but are not limited to) Fencing, Sewing and watching Supernatural. Check out my site [https://www.tvfanatic.com/profiles/rajarajbandung/ rak gondola]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:17, 23 February 2021
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	~~Hello~~, I'~~m Sara~~, ~~a 20 year old from Baarn~~, ~~Netherlands~~.<br>~~My hobbies include~~ (~~but are not limited to~~) ~~Fencing~~, ~~Sewing~~ and ~~watching Supernatural~~.<br><br>~~Check out my site [https~~://~~www~~.~~tvfanatic~~.~~com~~/~~profiles/rajarajbandung/ rak gondola]~~	+	'''''Nosema spp.''''' (Dissociodihaplophasida; Nosematidae) is known to be a parasitic microsporidian and the causative agent of '''nosemosis'''. <ref name="Morse 1997">Morse, R. A., & Nowogrodzki, R. (1990). Honey Bee Pests, Predators, and Diseases (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing Associates, USA.</ref> The infectious non-germinated spore of the pathogen is transmitted through the oral-faecal route of adult bees, or through mating. The most popular treatment in many countries is "fumagillin". While ''N. apis'' has a relatively wide distribution with a prevalence for colder climate, ''N. ceranae'' is mostly prevalent in the tropics and sub-tropics. <ref name="Mumoki 2014">Mumoki, F. N., Fombong, A., Muli, E., Muigai, A. W. T., & Masiga, D. (2014). An Inventory of Documented Diseases of African Honeybees. African Entomology, 22(3), 473–487.</ref>
		+	----
		+
		+
		+	'''Ethiopia:''' ''Nosema'' existence in Ethiopia has been reported for the first time in 1989 by the Holeta Bee Research Center (HBRC), Holeta. In a study by Desalegn and Amssalu (2015) over 200 honey bee colonies from all over Ethiopia were analysed and 37% were tested positive for ''N. apis''. They further investigated the severity of an infestation and concluded, that this disease is considered to be a negligible risk for Ethiopian honey bee colonies. <ref name="Mumoki 2014"/> <ref>Desalegn, B. (2015). Honeybee diseases and Pests research progress in Ethiopia: A review. African Journal of Insect, 3(1), 93-96. </ref><ref name="Ellis 2005">Ellis, J. D., & Munn, P. A. (2005). The worldwide health status of honey bees. Bee World, 86(4), 88–101.</ref> Nothing is known about the presence of ''N. ceranae'' in Ethiopia.
		+
		+	==References==
		+	<references/>

Nosema - Ethiopia - Revision history

KristinaG: Created page with "'''''Nosema spp.''''' (Dissociodihaplophasida; Nosematidae) is known to be a parasitic microsporidian and the causative agent of '''nosemosis'''. Morse..."

SaraPlate592: Created page with "Hello, I'm Sara, a 20 year old from Baarn, Netherlands.My hobbies include (but are not limited to) Fencing, Sewing and watching Supernatural.Check out my site [htt..."

SaraPlate592: Created page with "Hello, I'm Sara, a 20 year old from Baarn, Netherlands.
My hobbies include (but are not limited to) Fencing, Sewing and watching Supernatural.

Check out my site [htt..."